An endoscopy facility is a specialized medical unit equipped to perform endoscopic procedures—minimally invasive diagnostic or therapeutic examinations using an endoscope, a flexible tube with a camera and light.
Colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure used to closely examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for signs of disease, especially after an abnormal Pap smear. It uses a special magnifying instrument called a colposcope.
🔍 Purpose of Colposcopy
- Investigate abnormal Pap test results
- Detect precancerous changes or cervical cancer
- Examine genital warts, inflammation, or unexplained bleeding
- Guide biopsies from suspicious areas
🔬 How It Works
- The patient lies on an exam table like during a pelvic exam.
- A speculum is inserted to open the vaginal walls.
- The colposcope (which stays outside the body) is positioned to view the cervix.
- The doctor may apply a vinegar (acetic acid) solution or iodine to highlight abnormal cells.
- If needed, a small tissue biopsy is taken for lab analysis.
📅 When is Colposcopy Done?
- After abnormal Pap smear or HPV test
- Presence of HPV (human papillomavirus)
- Symptoms like bleeding after intercourse, pelvic pain, or visible lesions
📈 Findings in Colposcopy
- Normal: Smooth, pink tissue
- Abnormal: White patches, irregular blood vessels, or lesions that may indicate:
- Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)
- Genital warts
- Cervical cancer
⏱️ Duration
- The procedure typically takes 10–20 minutes.
- Biopsy results usually take a few days to a week.
🩺 Post-Procedure Care
- Mild cramping or spotting may occur
- Avoid tampons, douching, and intercourse for 24–48 hours (or as advised)
- Watch for signs of infection (fever, heavy bleeding, foul discharge)
✅ Advantages
- Quick, in-clinic procedure
- Highly accurate for detecting early cell changes
- Can be done without anesthesia
- Allows targeted biopsy of suspicious areas
⚠️ Risks (Low)
- Mild discomfort or cramping
- Light bleeding or discharge
- Rarely, infection or heavy bleeding from biopsy site
