Dialysis is a life-saving medical procedure used when a person’s kidneys fail to function properly. It helps remove waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood — functions normally done by healthy kidneys.

🧠 Why Is Dialysis Needed?

Dialysis is usually required when someone has:

• Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) – Stage 5
• Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
• Kidney failure due to diabetes, hypertension, infections, or genetic conditions

When the kidneys lose 85% or more of their function, dialysis or kidney transplant becomes necessary.

🔄 Types of Dialysis

1. 🩺 Hemodialysis

• The most common type
• Blood is pumped from the body into a dialysis machine, where it is filtered and returned to the body
• Usually performed 3 times a week, each session lasting 3–5 hours
• Requires vascular access (fistula, graft, or catheter)

2. 💧 Peritoneal Dialysis

• A special cleansing fluid is introduced into the abdomen through a catheter
• The peritoneal membrane acts as a natural filter
• Can be done at home daily (Continuous Ambulatory PD or Automated PD)

⚙️ Key Features of Dialysis Units (In Hospitals)

✅ Benefits of Dialysis

• Removes toxins and wastes from the blood
• Maintains electrolyte and fluid balance
• Controls blood pressure
• Improves quality and length of life for kidney failure patients

⚠️ Side Effects / Risks

• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Muscle cramps
• Nausea or fatigue
• Infections (especially with catheters)
• Access site complications (clotting, infection)

📌 Lifestyle Tips for Dialysis Patients

• Follow a kidney-friendly diet (low sodium, potassium, phosphorus)
• Limit fluid intake as per doctor’s advice
• Avoid skipping sessions
• Stay active, but rest as needed
• Take medicines regularly

🧠 Summary: